Συγκριτική μελέτη των σημαντικότερων θεωρητικών προσεγγίσεων για τις Διεθνείς Οικονομικές Σχέσεις

Abstract

International economic relations have grown significantly in recent decades due to the deregulation and liberalization of markets, which is constantly intensifying within the modern globalized environment. Financial globalization characterizes a process of integration of international financial markets under the dual impact of financial liberalization and increased international capital mobility. The world economy is currently in good shape, with positive outlook. Favorable economic conditions, inflation and low interest rates contribute to the high valuation of financial markets. But they can also make market participants overly optimistic, fueling growing risks to financial stability. Globalization has affected the international financial system and the role of the state in it has significantly changed. This study first identifies the concept and historical development of International Political Economy and analyzes the basic theoretical approaches of Economic Nationalism, Economic Liberalism and Marxism. To continue, some basic classical and modern theories of international trade are presented and it is analyzed how the International Monetary System has been worked, from 1870 and so on until its reform in the Euro-zone nowadays. In addition, it is presented the way that international organizations such as the IMF, the World Bank and the OECD work, as well as the purposes for which they were created. Moreover, the operation of the GATT and the WTO is analyzed, as the fundamental organizations of the International Trade System, and, to end with, an attempt has been made that the evolution of the financial system within and due to globalization, as well as the role of State in the globalized environment be as completely presented as possible.