Η Ευρώπη σε σταυροδρόμι. Από τη νομισματική στην πολιτική Ένωση. Η νέα αρχιτεκτονική και ο ρόλος της Ελλάδας.

Abstract

In recent years, Europe has faced a number of economic, geopolitical and social challenges. European citizens seem to be increasingly concerned about the benefits of European integration. Embarrassment and frustration have fueled the rise of populist, nationalist and authoritarian political forces in many European countries, which directly challenge the liberal democratic achievements of a united Europe. European EMU, until the outbreak of the global financial crisis and the debt crisis in the euro area, did not have an integrated, strong and institutionalized structure of economic governance. A central element in creating a scheme that would approach the 'fiscal union' is the existence of a common budget for the euro area and the possibility of transfer payments. The common budget will help to better deal with asymmetric disturbances (which is impossible with monetary policy) by transferring funds to the Member State in question. The framework of EU integration, through the roles assigned to it (as a political, economic and regulatory force) is perceived as a transformation, which emerges through the crises. Political unification, the pursuit of ever closer cooperation should be a more general framework, with possibilities for continuous reshaping. At the same time, Greece will have to radically change its economic model, proceeding with the necessary reforms in the political system and in the state background.